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eISSN: 2083-8441
ISSN: 2081-237X
Pediatric Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism
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SCImago Journal & Country Rank
4/2015
vol. 21
 
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abstract:
Review paper

Role of gluten-free diet in pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes – what new?

Artur Chwalba
,
Ewa Otto-Buczkowska

2015;21,4:188-191
Online publish date: 2016/10/24
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Over the last decades, the association between coeliac disease and other autoimmune disorders, such as autoimmune thyroid diseases or diabetes mellitus type 1 has been well established through many studies, and to this day is subject to an on-going clinical and scientific investigation worldwide. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) and coeliac disease (CD) share a similar genetic background, with high susceptibility associated with the HLA-DQ2/DQ8 genotype. Interplay between ingested gluten and the subsequent development of type 1 diabetes has been revealed by studies in humans and animals. The study shows that a diet without gluten reduces the level of NKG2D receptor and its ligand expression in mice on a gluten-free (GF) diets. Thus, gluten may affect diabetes development by influencing proportional changes in immune cell populations or by modifying the cytokine/chemokine pattern towards an inflammatory profile. This supports an important role for gluten intake in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. It is reasonable to conduct further researchto clarify whether a gluten-free dietcould prevent disease in susceptible individuals or be used with newly diagnosed patients to stop the disease. These observations may be important for the primary prevention of diabetes.
keywords:

gluten, gluten-free diet, prevention of type 1 diabetes


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